Hay fever is a common condition in humans caused by an allergic reaction to pollen throughout spring and summer, but did you know that our pets can suffer from hay fever too?
What Causes Hay Fever?
Hay fever may occur spontaneously in dogs and cats, which triggers an immediate allergic response to pollen each time they are exposed. Both humans and animals produce IgE antibodies, which are provoked by environmental allergens, and will bind to immune cells known as mast cells. Therefore, further allergen exposure will trigger an allergic reaction as they bind to IgE receptors on mast cells, resulting in hay fever symptoms.
Unlike the human experience of hay fever (allergic rhinitis), such as nasal stuffiness and itchy eyes, dogs and cats suffer most commonly from pruritus (itchy skin), however rhinitis has been reported in cats following allergen exposure. This is irritating to our pets, and excessive licking, grooming, chewing, and scratching of affected areas to alleviate itchiness can result in redness, fur loss and sores. Areas particularly affected appear to be the paws, legs, muzzle, armpits, groin, and bottom. Pollen hypersensitivity is associated with canine atopic dermatitis in dogs, where pruritic allergic dermatitis will often develop, and when presented with an allergen trigger, antibodies are produced which result in instant symptoms.
There are some breed predispositions to development of environmental allergies, however all breeds (as well as mixed breeds) can develop hay fever, with onset usually occurring by 3 years of age.
Making Your Pet More Comfortable
Pollen counts from March through to September are usually highest at midday, so we suggest avoiding walking your dog at this time, particularly in dry weather. Opting for an early morning or evening walk may present a reduction in your dog’s allergy symptoms. Cat owners who allow their pets outdoor access may also limit time outside whilst pollen counts are highest. You can also check the pollen forecasts each day to plan your routine around this, allowing you to feel more prepared.
Wiping down your pet’s paws and coat with a damp cloth or pet-safe wipe after being outdoors helps remove pollen which could irritate their skin. Veterinarians may suggest bathing dogs more frequently with a hypoallergenic shampoo, containing ingredients such as aloe or oatmeal to sooth itching. Additionally, keeping on top of grooming, particularly in long-haired pets, can reduce the amount of allergens trapped in the fur.
Bedding should be washed regularly at 60C as well as frequent vacuuming to remove dust and allergens. Some owners may also opt to utilise an air filter system in more severe cases of hay fever.
Essential fatty acids (Omega-3 and Omega-6) promote healthy skin due to their anti-inflammatory properties. Our raw diets contain the correct balance of these fatty acids, which aid skin barrier function and strength. Pets with more severe allergies may require further supplementation, which can be provided through adding salmon oil to their dinner, or through offering the occasional oily fish treat, such as sardines or sprats.
As always, if you are concerned regarding your pet’s health your first point of call should be your veterinarian.
Lucy James | BSc Bioveterinary Science student at Hartpury University
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